In 2013, gross costs of nature and landscape conservation amounted to 900 million euros. This results in a diminution of 20 percent compared to the peak year 2009. Government finances 54 percent of these costs.
Net annual cost for nature and landscape conservation has decreased by one quarter to 774 million euros compared to the peak year 2009 (exceeding 1 billion euros). Net cost equals gross cost minus revenues.
Between 2001 and 2007, central government contributed more than 500 million euros of the total net cost. In 2013 this was reduced to about 400 million euros. Net costs for industries and privately managed nature conservation organisations were around 400 million euros, of which the nature conservation organisations incurred 300 million euros.
Costs and financing of nature and landscape conservation, 1999-2013
